Not being able to select 1st, 3rd and 5th gears after losing the clip is very easy to understand. If you remove the clip and watch the gearbox end of the cable while someone else selects the gears you will notice that when those gears are being selected the end of the cable comes out of the bracket. Essentially you are mostly just moving the outer sheath to and fro to the extent that the bell crank doesn’t move sufficiently into the gearbox to engage the gears. However when you try to select 2nd,4th or rev the cable end relocates into the bracket and gear selection occurs. 

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